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Fluid Mechanics

 Fluid Mechanics Concept:

We also known the Basic concept and tough concept of Fluid mechanics. 

Definition of Fluid :A fluid is a substance which deforms continuously when subjected to external shearing forces.
Characteristics of fluid : 
  • It has no definite shape of its own, but conforms to the shape of the containing vessel. 
  • Even a small amount of shear force exerted on a fluid will cause it to undergo a deformation which continues as long as the force continues to be applied.
  • It is interesting to note that a solid. 

BASIC CONCEPTS :-

  • Mechanics is the oldest physical science that deals with both stationery and moving boundaries under the influence of forces. 
  • The branch of the mechanics that deals with bodies at rest is called statics while the branch that deals with bodies in motion is called dynamics.
  • Fluid Mechanics is the science that deals with behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics) and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the boundaries. 
  • A substance in liquid / gas phase is referred as ‘fluid’. 
  • Distinction between a solid & a fluid is made on the basis of substance’s ability to resist an applied shear (tangential) stress that tends to change its shape.
  • A solid can resist an applied shear by deforming its shape whereas a fluid deforms continuously under the influence of shear stress, no matter how small is its shape.
  • In solids, stress is proportional to strain, but in fluids, stress is proportional to ‘strain rate.’ 
  • Here, the Shear force (F ) is acting on the certain cross-sectional yoon area ( A), h is the height of the solid block / height between two adjacent layer of the fluid element, ∆x isthe elongation of the solid block and ∆u is the velocity gradient between two adjacent layer.
  • A given mass of the liquid occupies a fixed volume, irrespective of the size and shape of the container. 
  • Although liquids and gases share some common characteristics, they have many distinctive characteristics on their own. It is easy  to compress a gas whereas liquids are incompressible
  • A given mass of the liquid occupies a fixed volume, irrespective of the size and shape of the container.


               Shear modulus of solid (S )
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