Skip to main content

Fluid Mechanics

Differential Manometer

1.Introduction

  • Differential manometers are used to measure the difference of pressures between two points in a pipe or in two different pipes. There are two types of differential manometers.
            1. U-tube upright differential manometer
            2. U-tube inverted differential manometer
1.2  U-tube Upright Differential Manometer
  • It is used to measure pressure difference at two points in a pipe or between two pipes at different levels.
Case 1 - U-tube upright differential manometer connected at two points in a pipe at same level
  • The construction and arrangement of a manometer connected at two different points, A and B, of a pipe is shown in figure 1

                             Fig.1U-tube upright differential manometer
  
Let,         
ρ1 = density of liquid flowing in the pipeline
ρ2 = density of manometer liquid (assume mercury)
S = Specific gravity of liquid for which pressure has to be determined
S1 = Specific gravity of manometer liquid
hA be the pressure in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point A
hB be the pressure in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point B
h is the distance of mercury level in the right limb from the datum line XX
h1 is the height of manometer liquid level in the right limb from the centre of pipe at point B.









Case 2 - U-tube upright differential manometer connected between two pipes at different levels and carrying different fluids

Fig. 2 Vertical differential manometer (pressure difference between two pipes)

Let,         
S1 = Specific gravity of liquid in pipe A
S2 = Specific gravity of liquid in pipe B
S = Specific gravity of manometer liquid
hA be the pressure head in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point A
hB be the pressure head in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point B
h is the distance of mercury level in the right limb from the datum line XX
h1 is the height of manometer liquid level in the left limb from the from the datum line XX
h2 is the height of manometer liquid level in the right limb from the from the centre of pipe at point B.








2  U-tube Inverted Differential Manometer
  • In such types of manometers light fluids for e.g.oil is used as manometer fluid.
  • In the previous derivation, the term (hS) is added, but here in the left and right limb equations, it is necessary to subtract (hS) term.


Fig. 3 Inverted differential manometer

Let,         
S1 = Specific gravity of liquid in pipe A
S2 = Specific gravity of liquid in pipe B
S = Specific gravity of manometer liquid
hA be the pressure head in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point A
hB be the pressure head in terms of height of fluid in the pipe at point B
h is the distance of manometer liquid level in the right limb from the datum line XX
h1 is the height of manometer liquid level in the left limb from the from the datum line XX
h2 is the height of manometer liquid level in the right limb from the from the centre of pipe at point B








Labels:
Location: India

Comments

  1. AnonymousFebruary 1, 2022 at 2:44 PM

    Lucky Club Casino site - luckyclub.live
    Lucky Club is a popular choice for new players and punters alike. Lucky Club 카지노사이트luckclub Casino is an online casino which will allow you to play games without having to

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Fluid Mechanics "Centrifugal Pumps"

Centrifugal Pumps : we'll just cover certain sections of it, it's on your course syllabus. But we'll start off looking at centrifugal pumps .  A very common type of pump. Swimming pool pumps, spa pumps, all kinds of pumps.  Quite a few of them are centrifugal pumps. I thought so. Okay,sometime this quarter, I don't think this early, you're going to run a test on a centrifugal pump in the fluids lab.  And from that test you're going to put together some performance curves for our centrifugal pump.   So, this is how we  test a centrifugal pump.  I'll go through the procedure that we use in our fluids lab.  We have a pump in a circuit with water in it, from a big reservoir.  The water is pumped through here, it goes around, back into the big reservoir.  We have flow meters in the test setup so we know what the flow rate Q is. We have pressure gauges at points one and two. A centrifugal pump is a radial type of a pump.  There's an impeller ...
Post a Comment
Read more

HSC Computer Science Syllabus 2019

HSC Computer Science Syllabus 2019 Computer SciencePaper I  1. OPERATING SYSTEMS : Operating system, services in 0.5, windows 98, Windows NT, LINUX, File systems, Multitasking, Multiprogramming, Memory Management, G.U.I., Security threats, computer Viruses, Worms, Security. 2. Data Structure: Introduction to data structure operation, Algorithmic notations, control structures, Arrays. Representation in memory, Transversing, Deleting, Sorting Printer array, Records in memory using, array. Linked list, Representation in memory.Trees, Binary trees.  3. C++ : Introduction of C++, Arrays, Pointers, references, strings principle of object oriented programming, classes and object, constructors and destructors, operator overloading and type conversions, inheritance, virtual function and polymorphism class. 4. HTML:  Introduction to HTML, advantage and disadvantage of HTML, study of tags, < HEAD> ,  <TITLE>, <BODY>, <P>, < BR>, <UL>, ...
Post a Comment
Read more

First and Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

 First law Of Thermodynamics; To understand thermodynamics well and to make any calculations in thermodynamics, it is extremely important that we have its basic rules. These are some of the basic laws of thermodynamics.The first law of thermodynamics in  will try to understand about this very useful rule through medium. Heat was not considered a form of energy when thermodynamics was developing. But after some time it was proved that heat is also a form of energy, after that an attempt to find a relationship between heat and work started. Heat and work are two different forms of the same entity, and that entity is called energy. This means that if heat is supplied to a system, it can come out as work, or as work is done on a system, it can come out as heat. While the relationship between heat and work came out, a new term introduced the whole world, which was called internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics shows the relation between heat, work and internal energy. F...
Post a Comment
Read more